Electronic Stability Control (ESC)
Also called Electronic Stability Program (ESP)
“Take responsibility of your own happiness, never put it in other people’s hands.”
― Roy T. Bennett
― Roy T. Bennett
Throughout the time of driving, the driver stays active on roads at each second to ensure safety. In case of any unpredictable crisis happens in front of our vehicle at that instant, what will we do?. Did we steer the car to a nearby lane! or we apply a hard brake!. Of course, we have done both of these possibilities to handle our vehicle precisely.
While turning the car at a faster rate, the vehicle gets oversteered. At the same time, we steer the wheels in a vice versa direction to continue the same lane, but now it gets understeered. So the vehicle may losses its stability and traction between wheels and road surface, which will lead to skidding or lateral slides. Electronic Stability Control (ESC) unit can go over these difficulties with self-control.
While turning the car at a faster rate, the vehicle gets oversteered. At the same time, we steer the wheels in a vice versa direction to continue the same lane, but now it gets understeered. So the vehicle may losses its stability and traction between wheels and road surface, which will lead to skidding or lateral slides. Electronic Stability Control (ESC) unit can go over these difficulties with self-control.
ESC consists of wheel speed sensors, steering angle sensors, inertial measurement unit (yaw rate sensor), and an ideal brake control system, which are monitored by an electronic control unit (ECU). These wheel speed sensors sense the speed of each wheel continuously. The steering angle sensor helps to find how many angles did the steering wheel had turned and to measure the steering angle velocity. Inertial measurement unit helps to determine the yaw movement (movement about the vertical axis) of the vehicle for the steering angle that we turned. The brake control system alters the brake pressure on each wheel depends on a load of the each wheel individually.
Understand that you drive a car in your lane, if any object appears in front, suddenly you turned the vehicle to another track. Assume that you steered towards the left. What will happen?. While at high speeds, oversteer may occur due to inertial movement, sliding occurs laterally. At the time, the control unit fetches data from the required sensors and computes the steering wheel input and yaw movement of the car.,(i.e.) in turn, the steering angle is less, but the vehicle turned about the lateral displacement is high, so stability is not good. So the control unit applies a brake at the rear left wheel partially to achieve efficient cornering corresponding to steering angle to sustain its stableness.
The control unit repeats the same process when you counter steer to your lane. At the time, steering input is high, but the vehicle turned about the lateral movement is also high due to understeer, again the car starts sliding. Now the control unit applies the brake at the front left wheel to generate more torque to overcome lateral sliding. Generally, it reduces the speed then applies the brake on the required wheels to maintain mobility. It computes 25 times per second and probably prevents lateral skidding up to 80% even in wet roads. ESC completely integrated with Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) module.
Understand that you drive a car in your lane, if any object appears in front, suddenly you turned the vehicle to another track. Assume that you steered towards the left. What will happen?. While at high speeds, oversteer may occur due to inertial movement, sliding occurs laterally. At the time, the control unit fetches data from the required sensors and computes the steering wheel input and yaw movement of the car.,(i.e.) in turn, the steering angle is less, but the vehicle turned about the lateral displacement is high, so stability is not good. So the control unit applies a brake at the rear left wheel partially to achieve efficient cornering corresponding to steering angle to sustain its stableness.
The control unit repeats the same process when you counter steer to your lane. At the time, steering input is high, but the vehicle turned about the lateral movement is also high due to understeer, again the car starts sliding. Now the control unit applies the brake at the front left wheel to generate more torque to overcome lateral sliding. Generally, it reduces the speed then applies the brake on the required wheels to maintain mobility. It computes 25 times per second and probably prevents lateral skidding up to 80% even in wet roads. ESC completely integrated with Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) module.
One more thing is, while drifting or corning (in races), ESP should turned OFF. Because it cut off the power to the required wheels.
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