Even producing that much brake power in an engine, less than a quarter amount of energy has endowed to cyclic operations for actuation and sophisticated requirements for running this mechanism. Produced power is not grabbed by wheels absolutely, due to some factors interfering inside by rotating peripherals. Every engine manufacturing company converges many advancements to their moving vehicles focused mainly to raise thermal efficiency and better performance. Likewise, one of the developing technology to step up the efficiency to some extend is called Free Valve Engine, which is commonly known as a Camless Engine.
First of all, did you know about a cam in an internal combustion engine?
Let me tell you briefly....,
A cam is a rotating piece that seems like an eccentric wheel. It converts the shaft's rotary motion into linear by taking power from the crankshaft using gearwheels. It is used for opening and closing the inlet and exhaust valves accordingly. A long metal shaft with cam attachments is called a camshaft. Right!
What is a Camless Engine?
Considering valve actuation instead of using a cam operated mechanism, valves had accomplished by solenoid governed electrical actuators. So there is no camshaft in an engine. This engine delivers excellent power compared to a conventional cam-operated IC engines.
For proper valve actuation management, how do they perform specifically?
Does this mechanism sounds insane!
Free valve describing,
In this system, the developers use an electronically operated solenoid with hydraulic or pneumatic actuators with pneumatic springs correspondingly. These actuators have meshed with engine valves instead of cams and rocker arms. An electrical pulse is fed to the valve solenoid, which commands the actuator to lift, so the valve tends to open. This valve opening will happen absolutely by taking out the pressurized air or hydraulic fluid steadily from the actuator and compress the pneumatic spring. If the electrical pulse is removed, the valve gets closed by feeding the pressure inside the actuators or by the spring's back force. This perfect valve opening and closing operation (without damping or any oscillation) have been managed by the pulse given to the solenoid. Accuracy can be maintained precisely for differing activities if required. This electrically operated mechanism allows valves to open and close almost instantaneously without any deviation or interruption, or lag.
Benefits
The height and weight of the engine get reduced, how because of the elimination of belt or chain, timing gears, camshaft, and springs. Oil requirements in the engine for lubrication purposes will also be minimized due to the absence of a camshaft valve mechanism. Variable valve timing can be achieved in this system so that the internal EGR effect has been actualized perfectly. This system can selectively deactivate any pair of valves at any time, just by the cut off the electric signals to the solenoids accordingly. It may specifically differ the engine output. This camless engine can increase volumetric efficiency by up to 30%, so better performance will be expected.
In 2016, at Beijing Auto Show, the Chinese engine maker presented their concept car "Qoros 3" with Free Valve Engine, named as "Qamfree" engine.
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